{"id":27003,"date":"2023-04-21T18:17:49","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T18:17:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/?p=27003"},"modified":"2026-09-23T09:52:57","modified_gmt":"2026-09-23T07:52:57","slug":"vocatif-en-arabe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/vocatif-en-arabe\/","title":{"rendered":"Le vocatif \/ \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0650\u062f\u0627\u0621"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1c596418 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Arabic vocative particles serve as an invitation or a signal to warn the spoken-to to pay close attention and heed what the speaker is about to say. It can also be a way to target the speech and specify the addressee. As opposed to the English language, the vocative in Arabic is widely used. It is usually composed of two components:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>the vocative article \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>the summoned noun \/ the addressee \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0649<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_89 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">TABLE OF CONTENTS<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #54595f;color:#54595f\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #54595f;color:#54595f\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/vocatif-en-arabe\/#The_vocative_article_%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A1\" >The vocative article \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/vocatif-en-arabe\/#Particle_%D9%8A%D8%A7\" >Particle \u064a\u0627<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/vocatif-en-arabe\/#Usage_of_%D9%8A%D8%A7\" >Usage of \u064a\u0627<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/vocatif-en-arabe\/#Noun_case_of_the_summoned_noun_%D8%A5%D9%90%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%89\" >Noun case of the summoned noun \/ \u0625\u0650\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0649<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/vocatif-en-arabe\/#The_noun_following_the_summoned_noun_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%89\" >The noun following the summoned noun \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0649<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/vocatif-en-arabe\/#The_construction_%D8%A3%D9%8E%D9%8A%D9%8F%D9%91%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%A3%D9%8E%D9%8A%D9%8E%D9%91%D8%AA%D9%8F%D9%87%D8%A7\" >The construction \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \/ \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/vocatif-en-arabe\/#Now_lets_test_your_knowledge\" >Now, let&#8217;s test your knowledge<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_vocative_article_%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A1\"><\/span><strong>The vocative article \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621&nbsp;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Arabic, there are vocative particles that all mean &#8216;O(h)\/Hey&#8217;, yet they don&#8217;t necessarily require a translation in many cases. The exclamation mark at the end of a noun or sentence is usually enough to express these words. Those particles are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th colspan=\"7\">\u0623\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0650\u062f\u0627\u0621&nbsp;<br>Vocative particles<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0623<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0623\u064e\u064a\u0652<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0622<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0647\u064e\u064a\u0627<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0623\u064e\u064a\u0627<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u064a\u0627<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Among these particles, <strong>\u064a\u0627<\/strong> is the most common. To address a noun with <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0640<\/strong>, Arabic commonly uses <strong>\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627<\/strong> or <strong>\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th colspan=\"2\"><strong>Followed by a noun with the definite article (<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0640<\/strong><\/strong>)<\/th><th><strong>Followed by a noun without the definite article (<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0640<\/strong><\/strong>)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>For feminine<\/td><td>For masculine<\/td><td>For both genders<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u064a\u0627&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Particle_%D9%8A%D8%A7\"><\/span><strong>Particle \u064a\u0627<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Usage_of_%D9%8A%D8%A7\"><\/span>Usage of \u064a\u0627<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As a general rule, <strong>\u064a\u0627<\/strong> does not directly precede a noun defined by <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0640<\/strong>. Such a noun is usually addressed through <strong>\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \/ \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627<\/strong> or a demonstrative.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Particle \u064a\u0627 is mainly used to call someone or something:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td colspan=\"2\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u0627 <\/mark>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f\u064f&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">O<\/mark> Mu\u1e25ammad!<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;It can also be used:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&nbsp;as a distress call (\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0627\u062b\u0629 )<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">O<\/mark> my people (help me)!<\/td><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u0627 <\/mark>\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>for lamentation (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064e\u0651\u062f\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0629\u064f)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>{<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">How <\/mark>regretful for the servants [&#8230;]} <br>Qur&#8217;an [<a href=\"https:\/\/quran.com\/36\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/quran.com\/36\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ya-Sin : 30<\/a>]<\/td><td> <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u064e\u0627<\/mark> \u062d\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650 [&#8230;]} \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0622\u0646 [<a href=\"https:\/\/quran.com\/36\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u064a\u0633 : 30<\/a>]}<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Noun_case_of_the_summoned_noun_%D8%A5%D9%90%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%89\"><\/span>Noun case of the summoned noun \/ \u0625\u0650\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0649<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Built on the nominative form, without nunation (\u062a\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0648\u0650\u064a\u0646):<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When addressing a specific person or using a proper name, the vocative is <strong>built on the form used for the nominative<\/strong>, but remains <strong>in the accusative position<\/strong> (\u0645\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0639\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0645\u064e\u062d\u064e\u0644\u0651\u0650 \u0646\u064e\u0635\u0652\u0628\u064d). Thus, <strong>\u064a\u0627 \u0637\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628\u064f<\/strong> is built on \u1e0damma; with two students or a masculine sound plural, compare <strong>\u064a\u0627 \u0637\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650<\/strong> and <strong>\u064a\u0627 \u0637\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>if one is addressing someone well determined<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">O<\/mark> teacher, I know the answer<\/td><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u0627<\/mark> \u0623\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u0648\u0627\u0628\u064e<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>if the addressee is a proper name (without an annexation construction)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">O<\/mark> Amina, where are you?<\/td><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u0627<\/mark> \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629\u064f \u0623\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0623\u0646\u062a\u0650\u061f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Accusative noun case (\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0635\u064f\u0648\u0628):<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>if the person addressed is a vague entity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">O<\/mark> leader, be fair<\/td><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u0627<\/mark> \u0632\u064e\u0639\u0650\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0644\u0627\u064b&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u261d The speaker here directs his words to <strong>all <\/strong>leaders in general and not one specifically targeted leader.<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>if it is completed by a complement (<a href=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/annexation-in-arabic\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"26888\">annexation<\/a>):<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">O<\/mark> Prime Minister<\/td><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u0627<\/mark> \u0631\u064e\u0626\u0650\u064a\u0633\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064f\u0632\u064e\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">O<\/mark> Abdelkarim<\/td><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u0627<\/mark> \u0639\u064e\u0628\u0652\u062f\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064e\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0645<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A further accusative type is <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064e\u0651\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0647\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0636\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650<\/strong> (similar to an annexed noun): a following word completes its meaning without forming an <em>i\u1e0d\u0101fa<\/em>. For example, <strong>\u064a\u0627 \u0637\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0652\u0639\u0650\u0644\u0652\u0645\u0650\u060c \u0627\u062c\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0647\u0650\u062f\u0652<\/strong> (\u201cO seeker of knowledge, work hard!\u201d): <strong>\u0637\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628\u064b\u0627<\/strong> is accusative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Note<\/span><\/strong>: A noun completed by the suffix pronoun \u064a sometimes sees its last syllable become lighter<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0651\u064a \u2190 <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u0627<\/mark> \u0631\u0628\u0650\u0651<br><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">O<\/mark> lord<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_noun_following_the_summoned_noun_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%89\"><\/span>The noun following the summoned noun \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0649<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If the summoned noun (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0649) is indeclinable (\u0645\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0646\u064a) like a <a href=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/demonstrative-phrase-in-arabic\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"26932\">demonstrative (\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629)<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/relative-pronouns-in-arabic\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"26936\">a pronoun (\u0636\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0631)<\/a> the noun that follows is in the nominative case<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">O<\/mark> guard<\/td><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u0627 <\/mark>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0633\u064f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">O<\/mark> you, the mother<\/td><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u0627<\/mark> \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0650\u062f\u0629\u064f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If the adjective is not <a href=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/annexation-in-arabic\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"26888\">1st term of annexation (\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0641)<\/a> it can be in the accusative or nominative case<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">O<\/mark> honorable Sufyan<\/td><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u0627<\/mark> \u0633\u064f\u0641\u0652\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064e\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0641\u064f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If it is a substitute for the noun (\u0628\u062f\u0644) or a noun separated by a <a href=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/conjunctions-in-arabic\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"26916\">conjunction (\u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064f\u0648\u0641)<\/a> or an adjective 1st term of annexation (\u0646\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062a \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0641) it follows the addressee&nbsp; (\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0649)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">O<\/mark> Samir and Muhsin<\/td><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u0627<\/mark> \u0633\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0652\u0633\u0650\u0646\u064f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">O<\/mark> beloved, the essence of my life<\/td><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u0627<\/mark> \u062d\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0628\u0629\u064f \u062c\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0631\u064f \u062d\u064e\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<span id=\"Particles_\u0623\u064e\u064a\u0651\u0647\u0627_\u0623\u064e\u064a\u0651\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627\"><\/span>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_construction_%D8%A3%D9%8E%D9%8A%D9%8F%D9%91%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%A3%D9%8E%D9%8A%D9%8E%D9%91%D8%AA%D9%8F%D9%87%D8%A7\"><\/span><strong>The construction \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \/ \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The construction <strong>\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \/ \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627<\/strong> is used to address a masculine or feminine noun defined by <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0640<\/strong>, whether singular or plural.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In <strong>\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628\u064f<\/strong>, <strong>\u064a\u0627<\/strong> is the vocative particle, <strong>\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651<\/strong> is the vocative noun, <strong>\u0647\u0627<\/strong> draws attention, and <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628\u064f<\/strong> is a following word in the nominative case.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This construction often appears at the beginning of an address:&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>Dear citizens<\/td><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 <\/mark>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0650\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064e&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ladies!<\/td><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627 <\/mark>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064e\u064a\u0650\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The full construction can include the vocative particle <strong>\u064a\u0627<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u201cO those who have believed\u201d (widely used throughout the <a href=\"https:\/\/quran.com\/2?startingVerse=104\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Quran<\/a>)<\/td><td><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#50c878\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u064a\u0627 <\/mark><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#ff6a67\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 <\/mark>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0622\u0645\u064e\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u064a\u0627<\/strong> may also be omitted before <strong>\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \/ \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627<\/strong>: <strong>\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064f\u0651\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0628\u064f<\/strong> and <strong>\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064f\u0651\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0628\u064f<\/strong> both mean \u201cO students!\u201d The same applies in the singular: <strong>\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628\u064f<\/strong> \/ <strong>\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628\u064f<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Note<\/span><\/strong>: To address God, next to the normal construction <strong>\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a<\/strong>, we find the expression <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 <\/strong>which means \u2018O God\u2019 without having recourse to a particle of the vocative. Widely used in the Quran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a<\/strong> = <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-small-font-size is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons has-custom-font-size has-small-font-size is-vertical is-content-justification-left is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-24509fc5 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-align-center has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/absolute-negation-in-arabic\/\" style=\"font-size:14px\">\u2190 Previous lesson<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-vertical is-content-justification-right is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-7ac0ad7d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-align-center has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/arabic-number-rules\/\" style=\"font-size:14px\">Next lesson \u2192<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Now_lets_test_your_knowledge\"><\/span>Now, let&#8217;s test your knowledge<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class='fluentform ff-default fluentform_wrapper_52 ffs_custom_wrap'><form data-form_id=\"52\" id=\"fluentform_52\" class=\"frm-fluent-form fluent_form_52 ff-el-form-top ff_form_instance_52_1 ff-form-loading ffs_custom\" data-form_instance=\"ff_form_instance_52_1\" method=\"POST\" ><fieldset  style=\"border: none!important;margin: 0!important;padding: 0!important;background-color: transparent!important;box-shadow: none!important;outline: none!important; min-inline-size: 100%;\">\n                    <legend class=\"ff_screen_reader_title\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0!important;padding: 0!important;height: 0!important;text-indent: -999999px;width: 0!important;overflow:hidden;\">Vocative<\/legend>        <div\n                style=\"display: none!important; position: absolute!important; transform: translateX(1000%)!important;\"\n                class=\"ff-el-group ff-hpsf-container\"\n        >\n            <div class=\"ff-el-input--label asterisk-right\">\n                <label for=\"ff_52_item_sf\" aria-label=\"Subscribe\">\n                    Subscribe                <\/label>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ff-el-input--content\">\n                <input type=\"text\"\n                       name=\"item_52__fluent_sf\"\n                       class=\"ff-el-form-control\"\n                       id=\"ff_52_item_sf\"\n                \/>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <input type='hidden' name='__fluent_form_embded_post_id' value='27003' \/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"_fluentform_52_fluentformnonce\" name=\"_fluentform_52_fluentformnonce\" value=\"a6e54a17c3\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wp_http_referer\" value=\"\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27003\" \/><div class='ff-el-group'><div class=\"ff-el-input--label asterisk-right\"><label  >Which of the following sentences correctly use the vocative particle \u064a\u0627 with a pronoun (\u0636\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0631)?<\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-input--content'><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='checkbox_1_ede02ae9cfa813d6815f4d3e9ddb449d'><input  type=\"checkbox\" name=\"checkbox_1[]\" data-name=\"checkbox_1\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-checkbox\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u064f\u0651 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0631\u064e\"  id='checkbox_1_ede02ae9cfa813d6815f4d3e9ddb449d' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u064f\u0651 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0631\u064e' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=false> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u064f\u0651 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0631\u064e<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='checkbox_1_b80144aaddbb5658b874fbf9c0b07bb3'><input  type=\"checkbox\" name=\"checkbox_1[]\" data-name=\"checkbox_1\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-checkbox\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0631\"  id='checkbox_1_b80144aaddbb5658b874fbf9c0b07bb3' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0631' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=false> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0631<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='checkbox_1_c266bf027bb49e7bce28bdaaba5a8187'><input  type=\"checkbox\" name=\"checkbox_1[]\" data-name=\"checkbox_1\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-checkbox\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0631\u064e\"  id='checkbox_1_c266bf027bb49e7bce28bdaaba5a8187' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0631\u064e' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=false> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0631\u064e<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='checkbox_1_7f1e016e4c16a1ad14c4c8ae0a78f3d7'><input  type=\"checkbox\" name=\"checkbox_1[]\" data-name=\"checkbox_1\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-checkbox\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0651\u064a \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0631\u064e\"  id='checkbox_1_7f1e016e4c16a1ad14c4c8ae0a78f3d7' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0651\u064a \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0631\u064e' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=false> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0651\u064a \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0631\u064e<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='ff-el-group'><div class=\"ff-el-input--label asterisk-right\"><label  >Which of the following sentences correctly uses the vocative particle \u064a\u0627?<\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-input--content'><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='checkbox_00bb9a633ec3ff97f18ebaea8f142bc6'><input  type=\"checkbox\" name=\"checkbox[]\" data-name=\"checkbox\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-checkbox\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\"  id='checkbox_00bb9a633ec3ff97f18ebaea8f142bc6' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=false> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='checkbox_d32b22de10c4b008d636d7cff5f83029'><input  type=\"checkbox\" name=\"checkbox[]\" data-name=\"checkbox\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-checkbox\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0628\u0629\u064f\"  id='checkbox_d32b22de10c4b008d636d7cff5f83029' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0628\u0629\u064f' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=false> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0628\u0629\u064f<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='checkbox_d7be0a9acadbee532424f32f6c9ee0b1'><input  type=\"checkbox\" name=\"checkbox[]\" data-name=\"checkbox\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-checkbox\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u062f\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0633\u0627\u064b\"  id='checkbox_d7be0a9acadbee532424f32f6c9ee0b1' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u062f\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0633\u0627\u064b' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=false> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u062f\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0633\u0627\u064b<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='checkbox_bf09f04b80756d9ca95f106ad6566120'><input  type=\"checkbox\" name=\"checkbox[]\" data-name=\"checkbox\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-checkbox\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064f\"  id='checkbox_bf09f04b80756d9ca95f106ad6566120' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064f' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=false> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064f<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='ff-el-group'><div class=\"ff-el-input--label ff-el-is-required asterisk-right\"><label  >Choose the correct form of the sentence to express 'O friend, let's go to the market'<\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-input--content'><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='input_radio_18_ec08198dc1882a4548078b23c50ff958'><input  type=\"radio\" name=\"input_radio_18\" data-name=\"input_radio_18\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-radio\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064f \u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0650\"  id='input_radio_18_ec08198dc1882a4548078b23c50ff958' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064f \u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0650' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=true> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064f \u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0650<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='input_radio_18_c742c7b21d4eaf23e067aa930d55f2e0'><input  type=\"radio\" name=\"input_radio_18\" data-name=\"input_radio_18\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-radio\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064e \u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0650\"  id='input_radio_18_c742c7b21d4eaf23e067aa930d55f2e0' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064e \u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0650' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=true> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064e \u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0650<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='input_radio_18_96fc173b84466dde078027b1155a048c'><input  type=\"radio\" name=\"input_radio_18\" data-name=\"input_radio_18\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-radio\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0650 \u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0650\"  id='input_radio_18_96fc173b84466dde078027b1155a048c' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0650 \u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0650' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=true> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0650 \u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0650<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='input_radio_18_756ab3557a34ac5fa3f60750fc8abedd'><input  type=\"radio\" name=\"input_radio_18\" data-name=\"input_radio_18\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-radio\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064c \u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0630\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0628\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0650\"  id='input_radio_18_756ab3557a34ac5fa3f60750fc8abedd' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064c \u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0630\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0628\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0650' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=true> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064c \u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0630\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0628\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0650<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='ff-el-group'><div class=\"ff-el-input--label ff-el-is-required asterisk-right\"><label  >Select the correct sentence using the vocative particle \u064a\u0627 followed by an annexation (\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629)<\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-input--content'><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='input_radio_17_ac36adac29a59d3f4b91aea05444d911'><input  type=\"radio\" name=\"input_radio_17\" data-name=\"input_radio_17\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-radio\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062a\u0650\"  id='input_radio_17_ac36adac29a59d3f4b91aea05444d911' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062a\u0650' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=true> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062a\u0650<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='input_radio_17_93246443647fdf4d5fa4589c022a12ca'><input  type=\"radio\" name=\"input_radio_17\" data-name=\"input_radio_17\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-radio\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u064c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062a\u0650\"  id='input_radio_17_93246443647fdf4d5fa4589c022a12ca' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u064c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062a\u0650' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=true> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u064c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062a\u0650<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='input_radio_17_242c9a76c84828d2377ce7f8fc77d016'><input  type=\"radio\" name=\"input_radio_17\" data-name=\"input_radio_17\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-radio\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062a\u0650\"  id='input_radio_17_242c9a76c84828d2377ce7f8fc77d016' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062a\u0650' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=true> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062a\u0650<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='input_radio_17_12ce17208fe1e3ff839d0f1e97992a21'><input  type=\"radio\" name=\"input_radio_17\" data-name=\"input_radio_17\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-radio\" value=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062a\u0650\"  id='input_radio_17_12ce17208fe1e3ff839d0f1e97992a21' aria-label='\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062a\u0650' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=true> <span>\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062a\u0650<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='ff-el-group'><div class=\"ff-el-input--label ff-el-is-required asterisk-right\"><label  >Identify the sentence that DOESN'T correctly use the vocative particles \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 or \u0623\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627<\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-input--content'><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='input_radio_16_94b33f83b3a4d555f0bb91ca940a0387'><input  type=\"radio\" name=\"input_radio_16\" data-name=\"input_radio_16\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-radio\" value=\"\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0646\"  id='input_radio_16_94b33f83b3a4d555f0bb91ca940a0387' aria-label='\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0646' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=true> <span>\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='input_radio_16_bfa80d3a276f6753819c56bfef7f1493'><input  type=\"radio\" name=\"input_radio_16\" data-name=\"input_radio_16\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-radio\" value=\"\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0628\u064f\"  id='input_radio_16_bfa80d3a276f6753819c56bfef7f1493' aria-label='\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0628\u064f' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=true> <span>\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0628\u064f<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='input_radio_16_f265e7f71c0b48a6689dfa368b1a24f2'><input  type=\"radio\" name=\"input_radio_16\" data-name=\"input_radio_16\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-radio\" value=\"\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0631\"  id='input_radio_16_f265e7f71c0b48a6689dfa368b1a24f2' aria-label='\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0631' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=true> <span>\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-form-check ff-el-form-check-'><label class='ff-el-form-check-label' for='input_radio_16_1d01fc1ba60769fd4ec6ac001add8dfd'><input  type=\"radio\" name=\"input_radio_16\" data-name=\"input_radio_16\" class=\"ff-el-form-check-input ff-el-form-check-radio\" value=\"\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629\u064f\"  id='input_radio_16_1d01fc1ba60769fd4ec6ac001add8dfd' aria-label='\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629\u064f' aria-invalid='false' aria-required=true> <span>\u0623\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629\u064f<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='ff-el-group'><div class=\"ff-el-input--label ff-el-is-required asterisk-right\"><label for='ff_52_email' id='label_ff_52_email'>Email<\/label><\/div><div class='ff-el-input--content'><input type=\"email\" name=\"email\" id=\"ff_52_email\" class=\"ff-el-form-control\" placeholder=\"Fill in your email to check your score\" data-name=\"email\"  aria-invalid=\"false\" aria-required=true><\/div><\/div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"quiz-score\" value=\"empty\" data-name=\"quiz-score\" ><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"source_url\" value=\"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27003\" data-name=\"source_url\" ><div class='ff-form-inline-style' hidden><style>form.fluent_form_52 .wpf_has_custom_css.ff-btn-submit { background-color:rgba(255, 217, 101, 1);border-color:rgba(84, 89, 95, 1);color:#54595F;min-width:100%; }form.fluent_form_52 .wpf_has_custom_css.ff-btn-submit:hover { background-color:rgba(251, 205, 67, 1);border-color:rgba(39, 39, 39, 1);color:#272727; } <\/style><\/div><div class='ff-el-group ff-text-center ff_submit_btn_wrapper'><button type=\"submit\" class=\"ff-btn ff-btn-submit ff-btn-md ff_btn_style wpf_has_custom_css\"  aria-label=\"Check score\">Check score<\/button><\/div><\/fieldset><\/form><div id='fluentform_52_errors' class='ff-errors-in-stack ff_form_instance_52_1 ff-form-loading_errors ff_form_instance_52_1_errors'><\/div><\/div>            <script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n                window.fluent_form_ff_form_instance_52_1 = {\"id\":\"52\",\"ajaxUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arabikey.com\\\/wp-admin\\\/admin-ajax.php\",\"settings\":{\"layout\":{\"labelPlacement\":\"top\",\"helpMessagePlacement\":\"with_label\",\"errorMessagePlacement\":\"inline\"},\"restrictions\":{\"denyEmptySubmission\":{\"enabled\":false}}},\"form_instance\":\"ff_form_instance_52_1\",\"form_id_selector\":\"fluentform_52\",\"rules\":{\"checkbox_1\":{\"required\":{\"value\":false,\"message\":\"This field is required\",\"global_message\":\"This field is required\",\"global\":true}},\"checkbox\":{\"required\":{\"value\":false,\"message\":\"This field is required\",\"global_message\":\"This field is required\",\"global\":true}},\"input_radio_18\":{\"required\":{\"value\":true,\"message\":\"This field is required\",\"global_message\":\"This field is required\",\"global\":true}},\"input_radio_17\":{\"required\":{\"value\":true,\"message\":\"This field is required\",\"global_message\":\"This field is 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automatic tashkil\/diacritization<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les particules vocatives arabes servent d'invitation ou de signal pour avertir l'interlocuteur qu'il doit \u00eatre tr\u00e8s attentif et tenir compte de ce que le locuteur s'appr\u00eate \u00e0 dire. Il peut \u00e9galement s'agir d'un moyen de cibler le discours et de pr\u00e9ciser le destinataire. Contrairement \u00e0 la langue anglaise, le vocatif en arabe est largement utilis\u00e9....<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27005,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_wp_convertkit_post_meta":{"form":"-1","landing_page":"","tag":"0","restrict_content":""},"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[364],"tags":[246,232,108,289,124,117,244,245,247],"class_list":["post-27003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arabic-grammar-upper-intermediate","tag-addressee","tag-advanced","tag-arabic-grammar","tag-members-only","tag-nahw","tag-syntax","tag-vocative","tag-vocative-article","tag-vocative-particle"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27003","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27003"}],"version-history":[{"count":43,"href":"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27003\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38234,"href":"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27003\/revisions\/38234"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27005"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27003"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27003"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabikey.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27003"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}